World Economic Outlook, October 2008 : Financial Stress, Downturns, and Recoveries

A unique international exercise in information-gathering and analysis An extraordinary confluence of global forces has kept the world economy strong in the past few years, but there are now numerous challenges to growth. The World Economic Outlook (WEO) presents the IMF's leading economists...

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Authors:	International Monetary Fund Research Department, International Monetary Fund Research Dept
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2008 Washington, D.C. : 2008
Series:	IMF eLibrary World Economic Outlook ; World Economic Outlook World Economic Outlook; World Economic Outlook ; No. 2008/002
Subjects:	Acceleration in inflation Accession countries Actual inflation Adjustment process Aggregate demand Agricultural trade liberalization Agricultural trade Alternative monetary policy frameworks Asymmetric shocks Balance of payments data Balance of payments statistics Balance of payments Bank asset Bank assets Bank balance sheets Bank behavior Bank capital regulations Bank capital Bank data Bank equity Bank for international settlements Bank lending rates Bank lending Bank loans Bank recapitalization Bank runs Bank shareholders Banking business Banking crises Banking crisis Banking distress Banking institutions Banking sector distress Banking sector equity Banking sector Banking system Banking systems Banking Banks assets Bond market Bond spreads Bond yield Bond yields Bond Bonds Borderline financial crises Budget balance Capital account liberalization Capital account openness Capital account transactions Capital account Capital accounts Capital base Capital regulation Central bank Central banks Changes in prices Commodity exporters Commodity prices Commodity trade Cooperative bank Corporate bond Crisis countries Currency composition Currency crises Currency crisis Current account adjustment Current account balance Current account balances Current account deficit Current account deficits Current account imbalance Current account imbalances Current account positions Current account reversal Current account reversals Current account surplus Current account surpluses Current account Current accounts Debt crisis Debt default Debt obligations Deposit freezes Deposit insurance Discretionary fiscal policy Discretionary fiscal stimulus Dollar value Domestic agriculture Domestic consumption Domestic demand Domestic economy Domestic finance Domestic financial market Domestic financial markets Domestic investment Domestic market Domestic monetary management Domestic price Domestic prices Domestic production Domestic saving Dynamic effects Economic convergence Economic cooperation Economic integration Effective exchange rates Effects of inflation Employment growth Equilibrium model Equity capital Exchange rate mechanism Exchange rate movements Exchange rate policies Exchange rate policy Exchange rate regime Exchange rate regimes Expenditure parameters Expenditure plans Expenditure Expenditures Export earnings Export growth Export market Export performance Export prices Export prospects Export quotas Export taxes Exporting countries External credit External finance External financing External funding External obligations External position External pressures External shocks Factor markets Financial assets Financial cycles Financial innovation Financial instability Financial institutions Financial intermediaries Financial intermediation Financial market Financial markets Financial regulation Financial sector Financial stability Financial system Financial systems Fiscal actions Fiscal agencies Fiscal balance Fiscal balances Fiscal contraction Fiscal data Fiscal discipline Fiscal expansion Fiscal impact Fiscal impulse Fiscal impulses Fiscal instruments Fiscal measures Fiscal model Fiscal multiplier Fiscal multipliers Fiscal outcomes Fiscal policies Fiscal policy action Fiscal policy actions Fiscal policy decisions Fiscal policy framework Fiscal policy instruments Fiscal policy objectives Fiscal policy on consumption Fiscal policy response Fiscal policy responses Fiscal policy stimulus Fiscal policy variables Fiscal policy Fiscal positions Fiscal reaction function Fiscal reaction Fiscal responsibility Fiscal revenues Fiscal rules Fiscal shock Fiscal shocks Fiscal stance Fiscal stimulus Fiscal sustainability Fiscal system Fiscal theory Fiscal tightening Fiscal tools Fiscal variables Fixed capital formation Fixed investment Food exports Foreign currency Foreign exchange market Foreign exchange Foreign ownership Foreign trade Gdp deflator Global competition Global growth prospects Global integration Global market Global markets Global production Global supply Global trade Government bond yield Government bond yields Government bond Government deficit Government deficits Government expenditures Government revenue Government securities Government spending shocks Government spending Hedge fund Hedge funds Hedge High inflation Impact of trade Import costs Import demand Import penetration Import prices Import tariffs Import taxes Imported goods Importing countries Income convergence Income elasticities Increase in inflation Increasing integration Increasing investment Independent monetary policies Independent monetary policy Inflation concerns Inflation dynamics Inflation forecasts Inflation process Inflation rate Inflation rates Inflation stabilization Inflation target Inflation targeting Inflation Inflation-targeting Inflationary expectations Inflationary impact Interbank market Interest groups Intermediate goods Intermediate inputs International financial statistics International integration International standards International trade Investment flows Investment income Investor confidence Liquidity management Liquidity support Local currencies Long-term interest rates Low inflation Lower inflation Macroeconomic performance Macroeconomic stability Market integration Market liberalization Measure of inflation Measure of trade Monetary aggregates Monetary base Monetary conditions Monetary economics Monetary fund Monetary growth Monetary institutions Monetary integration Monetary management Monetary policies Monetary policy framework Monetary policy frameworks Monetary policy implications Monetary policy regime Monetary policy regimes Monetary policy Monetary regime Monetary response Monetary stance Monetary transmission mechanism Monetary transmission Monetary union Money growth Money market Money markets Money supply Moral hazard Mortgage banking Multilateral efforts Multilateral surveillance Multilateral trade liberalization Multilateral trade negotiations Multilateral trade National markets Net commodity importers Net exports Net inflows Nominal interest rate Nominal interest rates Oil exporters Oil importers Oil imports Oil prices Oil revenues Oil-importing countries Oil-producing countries Open capital account Open capital accounts Open economies Open economy Open trade Optimal monetary policy Output growth Output volatility Partial equilibrium Partner countries Per capita growth rate Per capita income Persistent current account deficits Policy regimes Political economy Price deflation Price discovery Price elasticity Price fluctuations Price inflation Price level Price stability Primary deficit Primary expenditure Primary fiscal balance Private bank Process of integration Producer price index Protectionist measures Protectionist pressures Public debt Public finance Public finances Public spending Rates of inflation Real disposable incomes Real exchange rates Real interest rate Real interest rates Real money Real output Real rate of interest Real rates Real variables Real wages Recapitalization Regional trade agreements Regional trade Regulatory forbearance Regulatory framework Regulatory policies Relative price Relative prices Reserve accumulation Reserve assets Reserve bank Reserve positions Reserve requirement Reserve requirements Restriction index Restrictions on capital account transactions Retail price index Return on assets Rise in inflation Rising inflation Savings bank Short-term debt Skilled labor Sovereign borrower Spending cuts Standard variables Stock index Stock market crash Stock market index Stock market Stock of debt Stock price Stock prices Stock purchases Subordinated debt Supply chain Systemic banking crises Tariff protection Tax base Tax changes Tax cut Tax cuts Tax rates Tax rebates Tax reduction Tax reductions Tax reform Tax revenue Tax revenues Tax system Terms of trade Terms-of-trade shocks Trade agreements Trade classification Trade deficit Trade deficits Trade effects Trade flows Trade gains Trade integration Trade liberalization Trade links Trade losses Trade model Trade negotiations Trade openness Trade policies Trade restriction Trade restrictions Trade round Trade shock Trade shocks Trade values Trade volume Trade volumes Trading partner Trading partners Trading system Transition economies Transmission of monetary policy Transport costs Unemployment rate Value of exports Value-added tax Vertical specialization Volume of trade Wage-price World demand World economy World exports World growth World market World output World price World prices World trade World trading system Business & Economics Business Fluctuations Commodity Markets Current Account Adjustment Current Account Cycles Deflation Economic History Economic growth Economic recession Exports and Imports Fiscal Policy Food prices Housing Supply and Markets Housing International economics Investment & securities Macroeconomics Price Level Prices Property & real estate Public Finance Real Estate Recessions Short-term Capital Movements 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World Economic Outlook, October 2008 : Financial Stress, Downturns, and Recoveries

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