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|a Lewis, Martin W
|= ^A769338
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|a Wagering the land :
|b ritual, capital, and environmental degradation in the Cordillera of northern Luzon, 1900-1986 /
|c Martin W. Lewis
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| 260 |
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|a Berkeley :
|b University of California Press,
|c ©1992
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| 300 |
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|a xii, 280 pages :
|b maps, illustrations ;
|c 24 cm
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| 336 |
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|a text
|b txt
|2 rdacontent
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| 337 |
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|a unmediated
|b n
|2 rdamedia
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| 338 |
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|a volume
|b nc
|2 rdacarrier
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| 504 |
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|a Includes bibliographical references (pages 263-274) and index
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| 505 |
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|a 1. Introduction -- Commercialization and Local Change -- Identifying Buguias in the Ethnographic Landscape -- Overview -- Pt. 1. Prewar Buguias -- 2. Food, Fuel, and Fiber: Human Environmental -- Relations in Prewar Buguias -- Agricultural Fields -- Animal Husbandry -- The Harvest of Uncultivated Lands -- Vegetational Change and Agricultural Intensification -- 3. Social Relations: Power and Labor -- The Commoners -- The Elite and Their Servants -- Social Mobility -- Land Tenure -- 4. Religion: The Role of the Ancestors -- Gods and Spirits -- Prestige Feasts in Prewar Buguias -- Status Display -- The Ideology of Ritual Performance -- 5. Commercial and Political Relations -- Trade Relations -- The Organization of Trade -- Local Specialization of Production -- The Prewar Vegetable Industry -- Imperial Power -- Colonial Visions -- Interregnum: The War -- Pt. 2. Vitality and Vulnerability: Fluctuations in the Postwar Economy, 1946-1986 -- 6. The Establishment of Commercial Vegetable Agriculture -- Postwar Adjustments -- The Ecology of Early Vegetable Production in Buguias -- Continuing Agricultural Development -- Crops and Field Types -- Strategies in Vegetable Farming -- The Spatial Reorganization of Exchange -- 7. The Sociology and Economics of Vegetable Production, 1946-1972 -- Restructured Social Relations -- Capital and Labor -- The Vegetable Trade -- 8. Economic and Ecological Crisis -- Boom, Bust, and Readjustment -- Demography -- Deforestation -- Water Shortages, Erosion, and Biocides -- The Vegetable Frontier -- 9. Social Conflict and Political Struggle -- Land Conflicts -- The Rise of Youth Culture -- Contemporary Politics -- 10. Religion in Modern Buguias -- The "Buguias Paganism System" -- Christian Challenge and Pagan Response -- The Geography of Religion -- Religious Plurality in Present-day Buguias -- 11. Conclusion: Understanding Buguias's Aberrant Development -- The Ideology of Pagan Economics -- Ritual Economics and the Social Order -- Ritual Survival, Ecological Devastation
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|a Why do market farmers in the rugged northern Philippine highlands stage ever more costly, elaborate ritual feasts so that their ancestors will shower success on ever more costly, ecologically risky farming ventures? Because the commercialization of agriculture in the area surrounding Buguias has resulted in a unique blend of new and old economic, environmental, and religious practices. Wagering the Land documents clearly the ecological degradation commonly associated with "modern" farming methods: deforestation, soil erosion, pesticide contamination, and wildlife extermination. But the breakdown of communal bonds and local beliefs also associated with modernization in most theories of rural development simply has not happened. On the contrary, traditional beliefs, and especially the redistributive prestige feasts that figure largely in the indigenous religion (called Paganism by both its adherents and its adversaries), have flourished. Development of truck gardening in the cool highlands of northern Luzon, an area perfectly suited to the cultivation of temperate vegetables, gained momentum after World War II. Martin Lewis describes engagingly the economic and social life of Buguias and the centrality of religion during the first four decades of this century, the complete destruction of prewar agriculture and animal husbandry in 1944, and the explosion of commercial farming thereafter. Unaccustomed prosperity reinforced the religious practice of lavish communal feasting, which not only honors the dead and bolsters the status of the living but also brings "good luck" to the host farmer's enterprise if the ritual succeeds in placating the ancestors. Heavenly favor thus overshadows sound environmental practices, and the region's inhabitants are quite literally wagering their lands in the hope of gaining prosperity and prestige. Anthropologists and geographers, as well as environmental and development specialists interested in the Third World in general and Southeast Asia in particular, will find important new information and arguments in Lewis's well-researched ethnography
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| 530 |
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|a A digital reproduction is available from E-Editions, a collaboration of the University of California Press and the California Digital Library's eScholarship program
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| 596 |
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|a 31
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| 650 |
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|a Agricultural ecology
|z Philippines
|z Buguias
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| 650 |
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|a Agriculture
|x Economic aspects
|z Philippines
|z Buguias
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| 650 |
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|a Agriculture
|x Social aspects
|z Philippines
|z Buguias
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| 650 |
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|a Environmental degradation
|z Philippines
|z Buguias
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| 650 |
|
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|a Nature
|x Effect of human beings on
|z Philippines
|z Buguias
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| 650 |
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|a Rites and ceremonies
|z Philippines
|z Buguias
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| 650 |
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|a Tropical vegetable industry
|z Philippines
|z Buguias
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Agricultural ecology
|2 fast
|0 http://id.worldcat.org/fast/800685
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Agriculture
|x Economic aspects
|2 fast
|0 http://id.worldcat.org/fast/801415
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Agriculture
|x Social aspects
|2 fast
|0 http://id.worldcat.org/fast/801646
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| 650 |
|
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|a Dorfgemeinschaft
|2 gnd
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| 650 |
|
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|a Environmental degradation
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| 650 |
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|a Landwirtschaft
|2 gnd
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| 650 |
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|a Nature
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| 650 |
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|a Politics and government
|2 fast
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| 650 |
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|a Rites and ceremonies
|2 fast
|0 http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1098216
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| 650 |
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|a Tropical vegetable industry
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| 650 |
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|a Umwelt
|2 gnd
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|a Umweltschaden
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|a Wirtschaftssoziologie
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|a Ökologie
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|a Geschichte (1900-1945)
|2 swd
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| 650 |
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|a Geschichte (1946-1986)
|2 swd
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| 650 |
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|a Landbouw
|2 gtt
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| 650 |
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|a Milieuverontreiniging
|2 gtt
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| 650 |
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|a Riten
|2 gtt
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| 651 |
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|a Buguias (Philippines)
|x Politics and government
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| 651 |
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|a Buguias (Philippines)
|x Religious life and customs
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| 651 |
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|a Luzon
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| 651 |
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