The chemistry of polymers /
Chemistry of Polymers, third edition, is a well established and highly readable introductory text book on polymer science, ideal for chemists requiring a broad introduction to the subject. Like its predecessors it has been written primarily from an applications point of view, emphasising practical a...
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge, UK :
Royal Society of Chemistry,
2006
Cambridge, UK : [2006], ©2006 Cambridge, UK : c2006 Cambridge, UK : [2006] |
| Edition: | 3rd ed |
| Series: | RSC paperbacks
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| Subjects: |
Table of Contents:
- Polymer chemistry
- Polymerisation reactions
- Polymer structure
- Crosslinking
- Polymer solutions
- Methods of determining relative molar mass
- Mechanical properties of polymers
- Polymer degradation
- Dendrimers
- Special topics in polymer chemistry
- Polymers and the environment
- Ch. 1 Polymer chemistry
- Ch. 2. Polymerisation reactions
- Ch. 3. Polymer structure
- Ch. 4. Crosslinking
- Ch. 5. Polymer solutions
- Ch. 6. Methods of determining relative molar mass
- Ch. 7. Mechanical properties of polymers
- Ch. 8. Polymer degradation
- Ch. 9. Dendrimers
- Ch. 10. Special topics in polymer chemistry
- Ch. 11. Polymers and the environment.
- Chapter 1 Polymer Chemistry 1
- 1.2 The History of the Concept of the Macromolecule 2
- 1.3 Classification of Polymers 4
- 1.4 Structure and Properties of Polymers 5
- 1.4.1 Poly(ethylene) 6
- 1.4.2 Poly(propylene) 7
- 1.4.3 Poly(methyl methacrylate) 8
- 1.4.4 Poly(styrene) 9
- 1.4.5 Poly(vinyl chloride), PVC 10
- 1.4.6 The Nylons 11
- 1.4.7 Epoxy Resins 12
- 1.4.8 Phenol-Formaldehyde Polymers 13
- 1.4.9 Amino Resins 14
- 1.4.10 Poly(tetrafluoroethylene), PTFE 15
- 1.4.11 Polyurethanes 16
- 1.4.12 Poly(ether ether ketone) 17
- 1.4.13 Silicones 17
- 1.4.14 Naturally Occurring Polymers 18
- 1.4.15 Cellulose 18
- 1.4.16 Starch 19
- 1.4.17 Natural Rubber 19
- 1.4.18 Proteins 20
- 1.4.19 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) 21
- Chapter 2 Polymerisation Reactions 23
- 2.1 Chain Polymerisation 23
- 2.1.1 Initiation 24
- 2.1.2 Propagation 25
- 2.1.3 Termination 25
- 2.1.4 Other Reactions 26
- 2.2 Arrangement of Monomer Units 27
- 2.3 Kinetics of Chain Polymerisation 27
- 2.4 Autoacceleration 29
- 2.5 Practical Methods of Chain Polymerisation 30
- 2.5.1 Bulk Polymerisation 30
- 2.5.2 Solution Polymerisation 31
- 2.5.3 Suspension Polymerisation 31
- 2.5.4 Emulsion Polymerisation 32
- 2.5.5 The Loop Process 33
- 2.6 Other Chain Polymerisation Mechanisms 33
- 2.7 Step Polymerisation 35
- 2.8 Step polymerisation with Polyfunctional monomers 36
- 2.9 Copolymerisation 37
- Chapter 3 Polymer Structure 40
- 3.1 Polymer Stereochemistry 40
- 3.2 Polymer Crystallinity 41
- 3.2.1 Orientation and Crystallisation 44
- 3.2.2 The Crystalline Melting Point 44
- 3.2.3 Polyblends 45
- 3.3 Thermal and Mechanical Properties 45
- 3.3.1 The Glass Transition Temperature, T[subscript g] 46
- 3.3.2 The Effect of Plasticisers 48
- 3.3.3 Methods of Determining Glass Transition Temperature 49
- 3.3.4 The Effect of Polymer Stereochemistry on T[subscript g] 51
- 3.3.5 The Relationship between Crystalline Melting Point and T[subscript g] 52
- 3.3.6 Other Thermal Transitions 53
- Chapter 4 Crosslinking 54
- 4.2 Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins 56
- 4.3 Unsaturated Polyester Resins 59
- 4.4 Polyurethanes 61
- 4.5 Epoxy Resins 63
- Chapter 5 Polymer Solutions 66
- 5.2 Dissolution of Polymers 66
- 5.3 Solubility Parameters 67
- 5.4 Simple Liquid Mixtures and Raoult's Law 69
- 5.5 Entropy of Mixing 69
- 5.6 Real Molecules in Dilute Solution 72
- 5.7 Shapes of Polymer Molecules in Solution 73
- 5.8 Reptation Model of Molecular Motion 74
- 5.9 Water-Soluble Polymers 75
- 5.10 Uses of High-Viscosity Polymer Solutions 77
- 5.11 Polymer Melts 78
- Chapter 6 Methods of Determining Relative Molar Mass 80
- 6.2 Molar Masses from Colligative Properties 81
- 6.2.1 Vapour Phase Osmometry 83
- 6.3 Light Scattering 84
- 6.3.1 Experimental Determination 87
- 6.4 Viscosity Methods of Determining Relative Molar Mass 88
- 6.5 End Group Analysis 90
- 6.6 Gel Permeation Chromatography 91
- Chapter 7 Mechanical Properties of Polymers 95
- 7.2 Stress, Strain, and Young's Modulus 95
- 7.3 Brittle and Tough Fracture 96
- 7.4 Types of Strength 98
- 7.5 The Influence of Surfaces 100
- 7.6 Viscoelasticity 102
- 7.7 Creep and Stress Relaxation 104
- 7.8 Cold Drawing 106
- 7.9 Dynamic Tests 107
- 7.10 Time/Temperature Relationship 109
- 7.11 Rubberlike Elasticity 110
- 7.12 Reinforced Polymers 113
- 7.13 Practical Measurements of Mechanical Properties 115
- Chapter 8 Polymer Degradation 117
- 8.2 Behaviour of Polymers In Fires 117
- 8.2.1 The Behaviour of Individual Polymers 118
- 8.3 Assessment of Combustion Behaviour 119
- 8.4 Improvement of Stability of Polymers in Fires 120
- 8.5 Weathering of Polymers 121
- 8.6 Protection of Polymers from Photo-oxidation 123
- 8.7 Biological Degradation of Polymers 125
- 8.8 Exploitation of Polymer Degradation 126
- Chapter 9 Dendrimers 130
- 9.2 Organic Dendrimers 133
- 9.3 Supramolecular Dendrimers 135
- 9.4 Shapes and Conformations of Dendrimers 136
- 9.5 Dendrimer Micelles 137
- 9.6 Characterization of Dendrimers 138
- 9.6.1 Mass Spectroscopy 138
- 9.6.2 Gel Permeation Chromatography 139
- 9.6.3 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography 139
- 9.6.4 NMR Spectroscopy 140
- 9.6.5 X-Ray Diffraction 140
- 9.6.6 Titration 140
- 9.6.7 Small Angle Neutron Scattering 141
- 9.6.8 Atomic Force Microscopy 142
- 9.7 Applications of Dendrimers 142
- 9.8 Megamers 144
- Chapter 10 Special Topics in Polymer Chemistry 146
- 10.2 Polymers in Medicine 146
- 10.3 Ionomers 149
- 10.4 Electronically Conducting Polymers 150
- 10.5 Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 153
- 10.6 Inorganic Polymers 154
- 10.7 Polymer Liquid Crystals 156
- 10.8 Polymers for Food Packaging 158
- Chapter 11 Polymers and the Environment 161
- 11.2 Pollution by Polymers 161
- 11.3 The Nature of the Problem 164
- 11.4 Polymers and Energy 165
- 11.5 Recycling of Polymers 166
- 11.6 Degradable Polymers 167
- 11.7 The Future 169